مروری بر حذف آلاینده‌های دارویی از پساب توسط فرآیندهای ازن‌زنی و اکسایش پیشرفته

نوع مقاله : مقالات علمی

نویسندگان

گروه شیمی کاربردی، دانشکده شیمی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران

چکیده

محصولات دارویی و مراقبت­های شخصی به­عنوان آلاینده­های در حال ظهور در منابع آب شناخته شده­اند. حضور این محصولات حتی در مقادیر بسیار کم (در محدوده میکرو تا نانوگرم) اثرات نامطلوبی را بر محیط‎زیست و بهداشت ایجاد می­کند. تاکنون روش­های زیادی در منابع علمی برای حذف داروها از پساب مورد بررسی قرار گرفته­اند که مهم­ترین آن‎ها فرآیندهای اکسایش پیشرفته نظیر: فرآیند ازن­زنی (حذف بالای 99% از داروهای استروئیدی و غیراستروئیدی، آنتی‎بیوتیک­ها، تنظیم‎کننده چربی و ضدالتهابی)، فنتون و فتوفنتون (تخریب کامل آنتی‎بیوتیک­ها نظیر آموکسی­سیلین)، فتوفنتون خورشیدی (حذف کامل افلاکساسین و تری­متوپریم)، سونولیز (حذف 100% سیپروفلوکساسین)، UV/H2O2 (تخریب کامل آموکسی­سیلین) و ترکیب این فرآیندها با هم برای کاهش زمان واکنش و در نتیجه کم‎کردن هزینه­ها است. فرآیند ازن­زنی به‎دلیل قدرت اکسیدکنندگی بالای مولکول ازن، یک تکنولوژی امیدوارکننده در حذف آلاینده­هایی است که با روش­های معمولی نمی­توان آن­ها را از آب حذف کرد. در این مقاله پژوهش­های انجام شده مربوط به فرآیندهای مبتنی بر ازن برای حذف آلاینده­های دارویی از آب و فاضلاب­های شهری گردآوری شده است. علاوه‎بر این، نقش پارامترهای موثر بر میزان حذف آلاینده­های دارویی نظیر زمان تماس ازن با آلاینده، pH محلول، دوز ازن، غلظت آلاینده و نوع دارو مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند.

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